189 items
Articles
- Article· Water TechnologiesHow reverse osmosis worksOsmosis, the pressure that reverses it, and why the dense layer of an RO membrane keeps salt out.3 Nov 2026Read article
- Article· Water MarketplaceHow to Write a Water Treatment Equipment Specification: A Buyer's GuideA well-written equipment specification is the single most important document in a water treatment procurement. This guide covers the minimum technical content for membrane systems, pumps, analysers and chemical dosing equipment, along with the contractual and performance-testing provisions that protect the buyer.3 Nov 2026Read article
- Article· Knowledge & TrainingWater Operator Competency and Certification: A Global Framework OverviewWater operator certification — requiring demonstrated competency in treatment process management, hydraulic operations, water quality monitoring and emergency response — is a cornerstone of safe water supply. This overview compares the US, EU, Australian and IWA frameworks and the core competency domains they share.3 Nov 2026Read article
- Article· Agriculture & IrrigationIrrigation Water Quality Assessment: SAR, EC and Soil Permeability ImpactsThe Sodium Adsorption Ratio (SAR) and electrical conductivity (EC) are the two primary indices for assessing irrigation water suitability. This article explains how they are calculated, how they interact to affect soil permeability and crop yield, and how the Ayers-Westcot framework translates measurements into practical irrigation restrictions.3 Nov 2026Read article
- Article· Reuse & ResiliencePotable Water Reuse: Treatment Trains, Risk Frameworks and Regulatory ApproachesDirect and indirect potable reuse (DPR/IPR) are gaining regulatory acceptance globally as a drought-resilient supply source. This article reviews the treatment trains used by leading utilities, the multi-barrier risk frameworks employed, and the lessons from operational deployments in Singapore, California, and Singapore.3 Nov 2026Read article
- Article· Digital WaterDigital Twins for Water Distribution Networks: From Proof of Concept to Operational DeploymentA water network digital twin combines a hydraulic model, real-time SCADA data, and machine learning to provide continuous operational insight. This article examines the five maturity levels of utility digital twins, the data infrastructure required, and the operational outcomes achieved by early adopters.3 Nov 2026Read article
- Article· Labs & QualityISO/IEC 17025 Accreditation for Water Quality Laboratories: A Practical GuideISO/IEC 17025:2017 is the international standard for testing and calibration laboratory competence. This guide outlines the key requirements, common non-conformities in water quality laboratories, and practical steps for achieving and maintaining accreditation under a national accreditation body.3 Nov 2026Read article
- Article· Water TechnologiesReverse Osmosis Membrane Selection: An Engineering Guide for Water Treatment ProjectsSelecting the right RO membrane element requires balancing salt rejection, permeate flux, fouling resistance, pressure rating, and total cost of ownership. This guide walks through the key parameters, qualification testing, and the CAPEX/OPEX trade-offs relevant to seawater, brackish water, and wastewater reuse applications.3 Nov 2026Read article
- Article· Processes & OperationsCT Disinfection Control: Managing Chlorine Contact Time in Drinking Water PlantsCT (concentration × time) is the regulatory metric for drinking water disinfection efficacy. This article explains how to calculate, monitor and optimise CT under variable flow, temperature and pH conditions, with worked examples for free-chlorine, chloramine and UV systems.3 Nov 2026Read article
- Article· Science & HealthPFAS and Human Health: A Review of Current Epidemiological EvidencePer- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are associated with thyroid disease, elevated cholesterol, reduced vaccine response and certain cancers. This review summarises the weight-of-evidence across major human health endpoints and the dose–response relationships relevant to drinking water risk assessment.3 Nov 2026Read article
- Article· Water GovernanceImplementing the OECD Principles on Water Governance: A Practitioner's GuideThe OECD adopted 12 principles on water governance in 2015, structured around effectiveness, efficiency and trust. This guide translates the principles into operational indicators and assessment questions applicable to utility managers, regulators and policymakers.3 Nov 2026Read article
- Article· Water SystemsThe Nile Basin Initiative and the GERD: Shared Waters Under StressThe Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (GERD) on the Blue Nile has produced the most consequential transboundary water dispute in Africa since the 1959 Nile Waters Agreement. This article outlines the hydrological stakes, the negotiating positions, and the legal frameworks in play.3 Nov 2026Read article
- Article· Water SystemsGroundwater Overextraction in the MENA Region: Scale, Drivers and Management ResponsesNon-renewable fossil aquifers supply 30–40% of freshwater withdrawal across the MENA region. This article examines depletion rates, saltwater intrusion trajectories, and the managed aquifer recharge programmes that are beginning to slow the decline.3 Nov 2026Read article
- Article· Water InsightsPFAS in Drinking Water: A Policy Watch for 2024 and BeyondThe US EPA's April 2024 Maximum Contaminant Levels for six PFAS compounds, the EU's proposed 0.10 µg/L sum-of-PFAS standard, and the WHO 2022 interim guideline of 0.10 µg/L for PFOA/PFOS define the new regulatory landscape utilities must prepare for.3 Nov 2026Read article
- Article· Water InsightsGlobal Desalination Capacity: Trends Driving the Next Wave of PlantsInstalled desalination capacity crossed 100 million m³/d in 2023. This analysis examines the technology mix, regional distribution, energy intensity and cost trajectories shaping the next decade of seawater and brackish water treatment.3 Nov 2026Read article
- Article· Water InsightsTransboundary: an introductionWhat Transboundary covers within Policy & Standards, the questions it answers in practice, and where to read next.3 Nov 2026Read article
- Article· Processes & OperationsReducing Non-Revenue Water with District MeteringDistrict metered areas turn an unmanageable network-wide loss figure into a set of tractable local problems.3 Nov 2026Read article
- Article· Processes & OperationsCutting Aeration Energy in Activated-Sludge PlantsAeration typically consumes 50–60% of a treatment plant’s electricity. Most of that is recoverable without new blowers.3 Nov 2026Read article
- Article· Digital WaterThreat Mitigation: an introductionWhat Threat Mitigation covers within Decision Support & Cybersecurity, the questions it answers in practice, and where to read next.2 Nov 2026Read article
- Article· Water SystemsDemand Trends: an introductionWhat Demand Trends covers within Water Stress, the questions it answers in practice, and where to read next.1 Nov 2026Read article
- Article· Science & HealthPFAS: an introductionWhat PFAS covers within Contaminants, the questions it answers in practice, and where to read next.31 Oct 2026Read article
- Article· Science & HealthPathogens: an introductionWhat Pathogens covers within Microbiology, the questions it answers in practice, and where to read next.30 Oct 2026Read article
- Article· Water TechnologiesNF: an introductionWhat NF covers within Filtration & Membranes, the questions it answers in practice, and where to read next.29 Oct 2026Read article
- Article· Agriculture & IrrigationSAR: an introductionWhat SAR covers within Soil, Salinity & Toxicity, the questions it answers in practice, and where to read next.28 Oct 2026Read article