The scientific and health basis: contaminants, exposure and risk.
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are associated with thyroid disease, elevated cholesterol, reduced vaccine response and certain cancers. This review summarises the weight-of-evidence across major human health endpoints and the dose–response relationships relevant to drinking water risk assessment.
What PFAS covers within Contaminants, the questions it answers in practice, and where to read next.
What Pharmaceuticals covers within Contaminants, the questions it answers in practice, and where to read next.
What Microplastics covers within Contaminants, the questions it answers in practice, and where to read next.
What Nanomaterials covers within Contaminants, the questions it answers in practice, and where to read next.
Full-scale GAC installation reducing PFAS below EU Drinking Water Directive limits at a 45,000 m³/day plant after sand-filter modification.
An up-to-date comparison of PFAS drinking water standards across major jurisdictions.